Reason for storage device memory reduced compare to actual memory

We all have doubts about storage device memory reduced compare to the original size memory.

For example 

• 16gb pen drive actual memory 14.45gb
• 64gb pen drive actual memory 59.60gb

Anyone try to know why it's happening? In my point of view, most of us thinking manufacturing company cheating us or lacking storage space being allocated for some other purposes? but the answer is definitely NOT. What could be the real reason? Here the solution for memory reducing

Before going to know I would like to tell about some basics of storage

BASICS OF STORAGE:

In Windows, Mac and old version system will calculate the file size by using the method of Binary Number System and the base value is 2. So

                            2¹⁰ = 1024  

Where 1024 termed as "1024 bytes" or "1kb" in computer denoting file size same as

                            1024bytes =1KB

                            1024kb      =1MB

                            1024mb     =1GB

                            1024gb      =1TB  and so on

Actual we calling kb is kilobyte and MB is megabyte and GB is gigabyte and so on. But calling this method is totally wrong because these terms are represented in the decimal number system.

In binary system 

                              KB=  Kibibyte=KiB   (not kilobyte)

                              MB= Mebibyte=MiB (not megabyte)

                              GB= Gibibyte=GiB   (not gigabyte)

                              TB=  Tebibyte=TiB   (not terabyte)

Ok time to focus on our main point.

Consider you are having 500 hard disks in the system. So the system will calculate the storage binary unit method

In binary unit 1kb=1024byte, 1mb=1024kb, 1gb=1024mb and so on

                              500*1024*1024*1024

500-Denote Hard Drive Storage Capacity

1024*1024*1024-which means(1GB=1024byte*1024kb*1024mb)

                                

So 500*1024*1024*1024=536870912000bits

But storage device manufactures will not measure binary system they will measure decimal system.So here 1kb=1000byte, 1mb=1000kb, 1gb=1000mb

So 500*1000*1000*1000=500000000000bits

Final Result is Binary Units - Decimal Number System i.e

5368709120000 - 50000000000= 36870912000 bits(35 GB shortage memory)

So this is the reason for reduced memory for hard disk and Pendrive compare to the actual memory 

Hope this will help you. Please command if you have any doubt